| A | B |
| transcendentalism | a type of philosophy which stresses intuition, individualism, and self-reliance |
| essay | a brief nonfiction article that expresses an opinion on a subject |
| paradox | a statement that seems to be contradictory but is also true |
| figurative language | words that convey ideas beyond their ordinary meaning |
| style | the particular way a person does something is his style |
| Whitman's style? | free verse, parallelism, word choice |
| free verse | lines do not rhyme; no meter, rhythm |
| personification | gives qualities of a human being to an object, animal, or idea |
| tone | a writer's attitude toward the subject of his piece (Whitman, one of celebration) |
| verbal irony | contrast between what is stated and what is meant; "War is Kind" is an example. |
| repetition | technique or device in which words or lines are repeated throughout a selection |
| external conflict | a struggle that can occur between a character and nature, society, or another character |
| internal conflict | a struggle that occurs within the mind of a character |
| verbal irony | contrast between what is stated and what is meant |
| imagery | refers to details that appeal to a reader's senses |