| A | B |
|---|
| Jean-Baptiste Lamarck | Theory of Acquired Characteristics |
| Charles Darwin | Theory of Natural Selection |
| Alfred Wallace | published the Theory before Darwin |
| catastrophism | evolution resulted after a catastrophe destroyed all creations |
| biogeography | distribution of organisms around the world |
| comparative anatomy | differences and similarities among organism physiology |
| evolution | gradual change over time |
| fossil | hardened remains |
| On the Origin of Species | Darwin's book |
| Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics | Children take on the physical and emotional traits of parents |
| Theory of Uniformity | the earth is millions of years old |
| Natural selection | survival of the fittest |
| Great Chain of Being | hierarchy of complexity |
| population | all the reproductive species |
| morphological traits | outward appearance |
| physiological traits | internal functioning of organism |
| Behavioral traits | ways of acting and being |
| polymorphism | one thing can be utilized in different forms |
| gene pool | all the alleles available to a population |
| alleles | varying forms of a gene |
| allele frequencies | how often a specific allele occurs in a population |
| bottleneck | a sudden catastrophe drastically reduces the size of the population |
| neutral mutation | a mutation that neither aids nor hurts an organism |
| Founder effect | colonization reduces the size of the gene pool |
| inbreeding | a small gene pool with no genetic diversity |
| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism |
| phenotype | the appearance of the organism |
| genetic equilibrium | an equalized gene flow |
| microevolution | changes within a species |
| gene flow | movement of genetic material within a population |
| genetic drift | change in allele frequency |
| mutation rate | number of genetic changes in a population |
| macroevolution | differentiation of species into new species |
| continental drift | separation of continents |
| plate tectonics | movement and segmentation of earth |
| homologous structures | similar structures among species |
| homology | similarities |
| comparative morphology | similarities in appearance |
| comparative embryology | similarities in embryos |
| comparative biochemistry | DNA, RNA, and amino acids |
| stratification | age-specific geologic fossil layer |
| Big Bang Theory | the universe began with an explosion |
| cells | membrane-bound biological units |
| proto-cells | can be created in a laboratory |
| prokaryotic cells | no nucleus |
| eukaryotic cells | membrane-bound nucleus |
| bipedalism | walk upright |
| anthropoids | primate family |
| hominoids | ape family |
| hominids | humans |
| Australopiths | early man |
| homo habilis | created tools |
| homo erectus | first bipedal |
| homosapiens | experience cultural evolution |
