| A | B |
|---|
| personality | the sum of total behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, and values that are characteristic of an individual |
| resocializing | a break with past experiences and the learning of new values and norms |
| role-taking | taking or pretending to take the role of others |
| total institution | a setting in which people are isolated from the rest of society for a set period of time and are subject to tight control |
| heredity | the transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to children |
| significant others | people that include parents, siblings, relatives, and others who have a direct influence on our socialization |
| instinct | an unchanging, biologically inherited behavior pattern |
| mass media | instruments of communication that reach large audiences with no personal contact between those sending the information and those receiving it |
| looking-glass self | the interactive process by which we develop an image of ourselves based on how we imagine we appear to others |
| sociobiology | the systematic study of the biological basis of all social behavior |
| Tabula Rasa | idea that each individual is born without a personality |
| aptitude | a capacity to learn a particular skill or acquire a particular body of knowledge |
| agents of socialization | the specific individuals, groups and institutions that enable socialization to take place |
| feral children | wild or untamed children; children with few human characteristics other than appearance |
| I | the unsocialized, spontaneous, self-interested component of personality and self-identity |
| socialization | the interactive process through which people learn the basic skills values, beliefs, and behavior patterns of a society |
| me | the part of ourselves that is aware of the expectations and attitudes of society; the socialized self |
| generalized other | the internalized attitudes, expectations, and viewpoints of society |
| self | the conscious awareness of possessing a distinct identity that separates you and your environment from other members of society |
| peer group | a primary group composed of individuals of roughly equal age and similar social characteristics |
| John B. Watson | used Pavlov's work with dogs and said that humans could be trained to become whatever we want them to become |
| the Ik | group that lived in Northern Uganda that is a powerful example of the effects of cultural environment on personality development |
| Kingsley Davis | reported on the cases of Anna and Isabelle and showed the devastating effects isolation in childhood |
| Rene Spitz | studied the effects of institutionalization on a group of infants living in an orphanage |
| John Locke | developed the theory called "Tabula Rasa" |
| Charles Horton Cooley | developed the theory called "Looking-glass self" |
| George Herbert Mead | developed the theory called "Role-taking" |
