| A | B |
|---|
| monarchy | A Greek word meaning "rule" by one |
| oligarchy | a system of government that is ruled by a few people usually be members of rich, powerful families |
| tyranny | Soldiers hand pick a leader and put him into power. A leader would often be forced to obey soldiers' wishes in order to remain in power. Its ruler is called a tyrant. |
| democracy | a government run by the people, in which the citizens make their own laws. A Greek word meaning "power of the people". |
| assembly | The basic lawmaking body in a democracy, made up of a grou of citizens. |
| jury | A group of people called into court to give a verdict, or decision, in a dispute. |
| Pericles | Athenian leader, led Athens during the height of its power and influence |
| myth | Stories about gods or goddesses |
| Aesop | a great Greek storyteller |
| fable | a story that teaches a moral, or a practical lesson |
| amphitheater | a semicircular structure with ascending rows of stone seats set into a hillside |
| epic | a long poem that celebrates gods, heroes, or events in a people's past |
| Homer | great poet of ancient Greece; he wrote two great epic poems, The Illiad and The Odyssesy |
| Aeschylus | (ca 525-426 BC) One of the great writers of tragedies in ancient Greece |
| tragedy | a type of play developed by the ancient Greeks, in which life is treated seriously, and which usually has a sad ending. |
| Aristophanes | (ca 448-385 BC) One of the most famous writers of comedies in ancient Greece. |
| comedy | a play that is funny and usually has a happy ending. |
| philosophy | The study of the basic nature and purpose of life; the search for truth. the Greek word for "love of wisdom." |
| Socrates | (ca 470-399 BC) Greek philosopher and teacher. He went around Athens asking questions about the meaning of life. The government found him guilty of "forming an idea of revolt" among Athens' young people. He was sentenced to die by drinking a poison called hemlock. |
| Plato | (ca 428-347 BC) Greek philosopher; student of Socrates. He wrote a dialogue, or conversation, called The Republic about his views of the ideal state. |
| Philip II | King of Macedonia; father of Alexander the Great |
| Alexander the Great | (ca 356-323 BC) King of Macedonia from 336-323 BC; conqueror of Greece and Persia |
| Peloponnesian War | The Spartans and other Peloponnesian city-states were jealous of Athens's riches and influences. They united gainst Athens and fought for 27 years. In 404 BC Athens was defeated. |
| Aristotle | (ca 383-322 BC) Ancient Greek philosopher who tutored Alexander the Great |
| Alexandria | city built on the Nile delta in Egypt by Alexander the Great. It hd the world's first museums and libraries. |
| capital | top part of a stone column Three typed of capitals are Dorian, Corinthian, and Ionian |
| heritage | ideas and things handed down to us from the past. Many things put together. Legacy is usually one thing from one group |
