| A | B |
|---|
| 2 characteristics of seed plants | vascular tissue and use seeds to reproduce |
| phloem | food moves through this vascular tissue |
| xylem | water and nutrients move through this vascular tissue |
| seeds | structures that contain a young plant inside a protective covering |
| 3 important parts of a seed | embryo, stored food, seed coat |
| embryo | the beginning of the growing seed; the young plant that develops from a zygote |
| cotyledons | outer covering of a seed; a seed leaf that stores food |
| germination | early growth stage of the seed |
| photosynthesis | leaves capture the sun's energy and carry out the food-making process of this process. |
| stomata | the underside of the leaf that has small openings that let gases in and out |
| transpiration | process which water evaporates from the stomata |
| stems do... | hold the leaves up and provides support for the plant |
| cambium | inside the stem is a layer of cells called this |
| roots | anchor a plant in the ground and absorb water and nutrients from the soil |
| root cap | protects the root from injury from rocks and other material as the rot grows through the soil |
| taproot | a long, thick main root that grows straight down |
| fibrous root | several main roots that branch to form a tangled mass |
| gymnosperm | a plant that produces seeds without a covering |
| conifers | cone-bearing plants |
| cones | reproductive structure of a gymnosperm |
| pollen | particles produced by plants; contain cells that later become sperm cells |
| ovule | structure in seed plants that contains an egg cell |
| pollination | transfer of pollen from male parts to female parts |
| angiosperm | plant that produces seeds that are enclosed in a protective covering |
| ovary | protective structure in plants; encloses seeds |
| petals | colorful, leaflike structures |
| sepals | leaflike structure that encloses the bud of a flower |
| stamen | male reproductive part of a flower |
| pistil | femail reproductive part of a flower |
| fruit | the ripened ovary that encloses one or more seeds of an angiosperm |
| monocot | an angiosperm that has narrow leaves with parallel veins |
| dicot | an angiosperm that has flowers in parts of fours or fives |
| tropism | growth of a plant toward or away from a stimulus |
| thigmotropism | plant's response to touch |
| phototropism | plant's response to light |
| gravitropism | plant's response to gravity |
| hormone | chemical that affects growth and development |
| auxin | plant hormone; speeds up the growth of plant cells |
| genetic engineering | changing an organism's material to produce an organism that people find useful |
| hydroponics | method of growing plants in a solution of nutrients instead of soil |
| annuals | flowering plants that complete a life cycle in one season/year |
| biennials | angiosperms that complete their life cycle in two years |
| perennials | flowering lants that live for more than two years |
