| A | B |
|---|
| Crime Control Model | Values discretion to quickly sort out factually innocent from factually guilty. |
| Criminal Justice System | A loose confederation of agencies, including police, courts, and corrections. |
| Criminal Justice Process | The sorting of individuals for further action or removing them from the criminal justice system. |
| Discretion | Decision making guided by informal criteria rather than laws and other written rules. |
| Due Process | The value of formal rules and procedures to limit the power of government and protect the rights of individuals. |
| Felonies | Offenses for which an offender may be sentenced to a year or more in prison. |
| Formal Criminal Justice | The law and other written rules that determine the outer boundaries of action in criminal justice. |
| Funnel Effect | Fewer individuals remaining at successive stages in the criminal process resulting from sorting deisions. |
| Hydraulic Effect | The shifting of discretion from one level in the justice process to another. |
| Informal Criminal Justice | The reality of criminal justice in action, often quite different from the formal parameters. |
| Misdemeanors | Offenses punishable by fines or jailing for less than a year. |
| Presuption Of Guilt | Treats individuals in the criminal justice process as probably guilty. |
| Presumption Of Innocence | Treat all individuals as innocent until proven guilty according to legally correct proceedings. |
| Vigilantes | Citizens who circumvent the rule of law by "taking the law into their own hands. |
| Wedding Cake Model | Tendency for the criminal justice system to respond to cases in terms of the degrees of public attention that they receive. |
