| A | B |
|---|
| Otto von Bismarck | The German chancellor. |
| pacifism | Opposition to all war. |
| Hague Tribunal | A world court to settle disputes between nations |
| Alsace & Lorraine | The border provinces of France occupied by Germany |
| Pan-Slavism | A form of nationalism that held that all Slavic peoples shared a common nationality |
| Russia | The largest Slavic country |
| "The powder keg of Europe" | The Balkans |
| Imperialism | Competition for colonies |
| Militarism | The glorification of the military |
| Triple Alliance | Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary |
| Entente | A nonbinding agreement to follow common policies |
| Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire |
| Allies | Britain, France, and Russia |
| Bertha Von Suttner | Wrote a best selling antiwar novel and organized a peace society |
| Archduke Francis Furdinand | The heir to the Austria-Hungary throne |
| Sarajevo | The capital of Bosnia |
| The Black Hand | A Serbian terrorist group |
| Gavrilo Princip | A member of the Black Hand who assasinated Archduke Ferdinand |
| Francis Joseph | The Austrian Emperor |
| Ultimatum | A final set of demands |
| Mobilize | Prepare its military forces for war |
| Neutrality | A policy of suporting neither side during a war |
| The Schlieffen Plan | Designed to avoid a two-front war |
| The Guns of August | A widely read study of the outbreak of the war |
| Edward Grey | Quoted as saying,"The lamps are going out all over Europe. We shall not see them lit again in our lifetime" |
| Battle of the Marne | The Allied victory pushed the German offensive and destroyed Germany's hope for a quick victory on the Western Front |
| Stalemate | A deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other |
| Trench Warfare | In this style of warfare, each side dug in and created a vast system of underground bunkers linked by communication trenches and guarded by gun emplacements |
| "No Man's Land" | This is area between opposing trenches where the landscape was scared with shell holes and all was destroyed |
| Battle of Verdun | This Allied offensive saw over one million dead during this 5-month battle with neither side winning an advantage |
| Battle of the Somme | This massive 11-month battle in 1916 cost more than a half-million casualties on both sides |
| Zeppelins | Large gas-filled balloons used by Germans to bomb the English coast |
| U-boats | These did tremendous damage to the Alied ships that where carrying vital supplies to British |
| Convoys | Groups of merchant ships protected by warships |
| Battle of Tannenburg | The Russians suffered one of their worst defeats of the war, causing them to retreat, in the summer of 1914 |
| Battle of Gallipoli | The failed attempt by the Allies to establish a vital trade link to the Russians by capturing the Straight of Dardanelles |
| Lawrence of Arabia | Led guerilla raids against the Turks, dynamiting bridges and supply trains |
| Total War | The channeling of a nation's entire resources into a war effort |
| Conscription | The draft |
| Propaganda | The spreading of ideas to promote a cause or to damage an opposing cause |
| Atrocities | Horrible acts against innocent people |
| V.I. Lenin | Became the leader of Russia in 1917 and promised to pull Russia out of the war |
| Treaty of Brest-Litovsk | Germany and Russia signed this, effectivly ending Russian participation in World War 1 |
| Woodrow Wilson | President of the United States during World War 1 |
| Lusitania | This passenger liner was torpedoed and sunk by a German U-boat resulting in 1,200 deaths with 128 of those being American |
| Zimmermann Note | The British revealed this secret coded proposal to the Americans of Germany's proposal of alliance with Mexico should the U.S. enter World War 1 |
| Fourteen Points | Wilson issued his terms for resolving World War 1 and future wars |
| Self-Determination | The right of people to choose their own form of government |
| Armistice | An agreement to end fighting |
| Pandemic | The spread of a disease across an entire country,continent, or the whole world |
| Spanish Flu | This killed more than 20 million people worldwide |
| Reparatons | Payments for war damage |
| Paris Peace Conference | Where the Allies met to discuss and dictate the treaties of surrender to the Central Powers |
| David Lloyd George | The British prime minister during World War 1 |
| Geoges Clemenceau | The French leader during World War 1 |
| Collective security | A system in which a group of nations acts an one to preserve the peace of all |
| Treaty of Versailles | This forced agreement by the Allies upon Germany at the end of World War 1 put the full blame of the war on Germany |
| Mandates | Territories administered by western powers |
| League of Nations | More than 40 nations joined this after World War 1 to negotiate disputes rather than resort to war |
