| A | B |
|---|
| hastati | youngest heavy infantry |
| principes | heavy infantry in their prime |
| triarii | veteran heavy infantry |
| gladius | standard issue Roman sword |
| pilum | wooden shaft with long iron shank |
| scutum | large oval or rectangular shield |
| hoplon | round Greek shield |
| hoplite | Greek heavily armed infantryman |
| equites | the cavalry |
| velites | light infantry |
| phalanx | Greek tightly-formed fighting formation |
| century | originally, a 100 man fighting unit |
| Veii | rival city to Rome |
| legion | Latin term for 'levy' |
| fetialis | priest overseeing war and peace issues |
| Pyrrhus | first to enter Italy with war elephants |
| First Punic War | fought almost entirely at sea |
| Second Punic War | Hannibal was the star! |
| Third Punic War | Carthage destroyed |
| Capitoline Hill | levy was carried out here |
| Campus Martius | original location of military exercises |
| signiferi | standard bearers |
| optio | rear commander |
| Hannibal | led army and elephants over Alps into Italy |
| Marius | general who began paying the poor for military service |
| six | number of centuries in a cohort |
| ten | number of cohorts in a legion |
| two | number of centuries in a maniple |
