| A | B |
|---|
| appeal | to move on to a higher authority |
| appellate jurisdiction | The authority of a court to review decisions of lower courts. |
| chief justice | - The presiding justice of U.S. Supreme Court |
| district courts | Lowest level court that has original jurisdiction over most misdemeanors. |
| impeachment | Charging a public official with a crime in office for which they can be removed from power. |
| Court of Appeals | A state or federal court that hears appeals from judgments and rulings of trial courts or lower appeals courts |
| jurisdiction | The authority of a court to hear a case. See Appellate and Original Jurisdiction. |
| judicial decision/opinion | The determination by a court on issues/cases submitted to it. |
| judicial review | The power of the courts to determine the constitutionality of the actions of the legislative and executive branches of government. The precedent for Judicial Review was established in the 1803 case of Marbury v. Madison. |
| Marbury v Madison | Established the power of judicial review. |
| McCulloch v Maryland | Confirmed the Supremacy Clause by saying states could not tax the federal government. Clarified and confirmed the necessary and proper clause (elastic clause) allowing the federal government to establish a national bank. |
| original jurisdiction | The power of a court to hear a case first, before any other court. |
| precedent | These are previous court decisions that are recognized as a foundation for deciding future cases. Major source of common law. |
| Supreme Court | court in the land, created by the Constitution. |
| Supreme Court Justice | One of nine members of the United States Supreme Court. |
