| A | B |
|---|
| adventitious breath sounds | abnormal breath sounds |
| apnea | cessation of breathing |
| atelectasis | collapse of a portion of the lung |
| Biot's respiration | shallow breaths interrupted by apnea |
| bradypnea | abnormally slow respiration |
| Cheyne-Stokes respiration | marked rhythmic waxing & waning of respirations from deep to very shallow & temporary apnea |
| cyanosis | bluish discoloration of the skin, nailbeds, & mucous membranes |
| diffusion | movement of gases from an area of greater pressure or concentration to an area of lower pressure or concentration |
| dyspnea | difficult or uncomfortable breathing |
| emphysema | chronic lung condition |
| erythrocytes | red blood cells |
| eupnea | quiet, effortless, rhythmic breathing |
| expectorate | spit out |
| hematocrit | % of blood that is erythrocytes |
| hemoglobin | oxygen carrying red pigment |
| humidifiers | devices that add water vapor to inspired air |
| hypercapnia (hypercarbia) | accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood |
| hypoxemia | reduced oxygen in the blood |
| hypoxia | insufficient oxygen anywhere in the body |
| incentive spirometers | measure the flow of air inhaled through a mouthpiece |
| intrapleural pressure | pressure in the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs |
| intrapulmonary pressure | pressure within the lungs |
| Kussmaul's breathing | deep rapid breathing |
| lung compliance | expansibility of lung tissue |
| lung recoil | continual tendency of the lungs to collapse away from the chest wall |
| orthopnea | inability to breathe except in an upright or standing position |
| oxyhemoglobin | compound of oxygen & hemoglobin |
| partial pressure | pressure exerted by each individual gas in a mixture according to its concentration in the mixture |
| respiratory membrane | alveolar/capillary membrane |
| sputum | coughed up material |
| stridor | harsh, high pitched sound, may be heard during inspiration |
| surfactant | lipoprotein produced by specialized alveolar cells, acts like a detergent |
| tachypnea | rapid respiratory rate |
| tidal volume | 500 mL of air inspired & expired with each breath |
