| A | B |
|---|
| ribose | a five carbon sugar found in RNA |
| uracil | a nitrogen containing base that replaces thymine in RNA. |
| messenger RNA | RNA molecules in the form of a single uncoiled chain that carriesgenetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytosol |
| transfer RNA | a single chain of about 80 RNA nucleotides full did into a hairpin shape that binds to specific amino acids |
| ribosomal RNA | the most abundant form of RNA that makes up the ribosomes |
| transcription | the process by which genetic information is copied from DNA to RNA |
| RNA polymerase | an enzyme that synthesizes RNA copies of specific sequences of DNA |
| promoter | a specific region of DNA that marks the beginning of the DNA chain that will be transcribed |
| termination signal | a region of DNA that marks the end of the gene being transcribed. |
| protein synthesis | the production of proteins |
| genetic code | the correlation between a nucleotide sequence and an amino acid sequence used to translate RNA into protein |
| codon | each combination of 3 mRNA nucleotides |
| start codon | AUG codes for the amino acids methionine, and tells ribosomes to start translating |
| stop codon | UAA, UAG, UGA |
| translation | the process of assembling proteins from information encoded in the mRNA |
| anti-codon | the sequence of three nucleotides found on tRNA that binds to mRNA |
