| A | B |
|---|
| Yalta Conference | mtg between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin to reach an agreement about what to do with Germany after WWII |
| Potsdam Conference | mtg. among leaders of the Allies near the end of WWII |
| Cold War | an era of high tension and bitter rivalry nwon between the USA and the Soviet Union following the end of WWII |
| containment | policy that the US adopted in the late 1940s to stop the spread of communism; it involved providing economic aid in order to strenghten countries against the Soviets |
| Warsaw Pact | a military alliance established in 1955 of the Soviet-dominated countries of Eastern Europe |
| 38th parallel | line of latitude that divides North and South Korea |
| blacklisting | refusing to hire suspected communists |
| McCarthyism | the name critics gave to Joseph McCarthy's tactic of spreading fear and making baseless charges |
| National Security Committee | xxx |
| massive retaliation | the United States willingness to use nuclear force to settle disputes; term was coined by John Foster Dulles and used during the Cold War |
| Suez Canal Incident | xxx |
| flexible response | a response strategy to nuclear tensions that involved strengthening conventional US forces so the nation would have options other than nuclear weapons in times of crisis |
| Berlin Wall | a 27 mile barrier between East and West Berlin ---US supported West the non communist side/East was Soviet/communist |
| United Nations | an international organization that encourages cooperation among nations and prevents future wars |
| Truman Doctrine | Truman's pledge to provide economic and military aide to countries threatened by Communism |
| Berlin Airlift | a pgm in which the US and Britain shipped supplies by air to West Berlin during a Soviet blockade of all routes to the city; lasted from 1948-1949 |
| communism vs. capitalism | communism is a system of gov. in which there is no private property and there are no economic classes and capitalism is a system where most businesses are privately owned |
| House UnAmerican Activities | committee formed in the House of Reps in the 1930s to investigate radical groups in the US; it later came to focus on the threat of communism in the US during WWII and the Cold War |
| Hollywood Ten | Hollywood writers and driectors who were thought to be radicals and called before HUAC; they refused to cooperate and wre sentenced to short prison terms |
| Dept. of Defense | xx |
| Sputnik | the world's first artificial satellite; launched by the Soviet Union |
| brinkmanship | the Eisenhower administration's policy of being willing to go to the very brink of war to oppose communist expansion |
| Eisenhower Doctrine | Pres. Eisenhower's promise of US aid to any middle Eastern nation fighting communist aggression |
| Peace Corps | Pres. Kennedy's program that sends Am volunteers to assist developing nations with improvement projects |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | military crisis that almost led to nuclear war when US naval ships blockaded Cuba until the Soviet Union agreed to remove its missiles from the island |
| Nuremberg Trials | war crimes trials of high ranking Nazi officials held by the INternational Military Tribunal in Nuremberg, Germany |
| Marshall Plan | US proram of giving aid to European countries to hep them rebuild their economices after WWII |
| NATO | North Atlantic Treaty ORganization promised to defend each other (US Canada, Iceland and western european nations afraid of the Soviet Union's military strength--afraid of expansion |
| Long March | retreat of Chinese Communis6ts to esape destsruction by the Chinese Nationalist army |
| Internal Security Act | law requiring registration of suspected communist groups and granting the government power to arrest anyone suspected of disloyalty during national emergencies |
| CIA | Central Intelligence Agency-an organization established by the federal government in 1947 to conduct covert operations |
| NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration - established by Congress in 1958 to conduct space research |
| covert operations | secret missions |
| U2 spy incident | event in which the Soviets shot down a US u-2 spy plane over the Soviet Union |
| Bay of Pigs incident | bay on the coast of Cuba that Cuban exiles, secretly trained by the US tried to invade; the exiles were quickly defeated |
| Test Ban treaty | August 1963 - treaty sined by 100 nations which banned testing of nuclear weapons above ground |
