| A | B |
|---|
| flowers | -parts of a seed plant used for reproduction (contains male and female parts) |
| stems | -parts of a plant used as a pathway for water and food, also used to support leaves and flowers |
| leaves | -produce food for plants through photosynthesis (take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen), also allow water to exit the plant via transpiration |
| cones | -reproductive structures of some seed plants (male and female are separate) |
| seeds | -contain an embryo that will form a new plant, also contain a food source for the embyo |
| transpiration | -the main process that draws water up from a plant's roots |
| capillary action | -another process that allows water to be drawn up a plant through tiny tubes in the roots and stems |
| osmosis | -the movement of water from soil into the root cells (water moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration) |
| photosynthesis | -process by which plants produce their own food (glucose), REACTION: sunlight (energy)+ carbon dioxide + water ---> oxygen + glucose (a sugar) |
| chloroplasts | -structures (cellular organelles) in plants that contain chlorophyll (a green pigment) which traps sunlight (energy) |
| cellular respiration | -process which occurs in all living things whereby sugars (glucose) are broken down to produce energy REACTION: oxygen + glucose (a sugar) ---> carbon dioxide + water + energy |
| pores | -tiny openings in the cells of plants which allow certain particles to enter and leave the cell |
| diffusion | -the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area with a low concentation |
| active transport | -the process in which large particles cross a cell membrane; this process requires energy |
| gas exchange | -the process of gases (carbon dioxide and oxygen) entering and leaving a plant |
| polllination | -the process in which male and female parts of a plant join to produce a seed |
| life cycle | -the stages that a living thing passes through to go from one generation to the next |
| pollen | the male parts of a seed plant that unites with the female part to produce;pollen is produced by either flowers or male cones |
| ovary | a protective structure on a seed plant that contains the ovule; ovaries are often in the centre of a flower or on a flower cone |
| ovule | the female part of a seed plant that joins with the male part to produce a seed; ovules are usually found inside an ovary |
| active transport | the process in which large particles cross the cell membrane; active transport requires energy |
| erosion | the process that moves soil from one place to another |
| living resources | those living things that can be used to meet human needs |
| mineral particals | particals from soil that come from rock that has been broken down |
| humus | partly decomposed material from plants and animals that were once living |
| organic particals | particals in soil that come plants and animals that have died:humas is composed of organic particals |
| crop rotation | the practice of planting a different crop in a particalular field each year |
| seed plants | those plants that make seeds |
| gas exchange | the process by which carbon dioxide and oxygen move in and out of the plant |
| grafting | a technology to reproduce plants that involoves attaching a part of one plant to a second plant |
| cuttings | a cut peice of a plant that is used to reproduce that plant; cuttings usually have a part of the stem and a few leaves |
| hydroponics | a technology for growing plants in which the plant roots are placed in a nutrient solution instead of soil |
| traits | a characteristic of an organism |
| pesticides | chemicals that are poisonous to insects |
| monoculture | the practice of growing only one type of crop in a large area |
| genetic engineering | process in which single genes are added to a plant's genetic material |
| unintended consequence | results of an actionthat were not predicted or planned |
| environmental management | the process of balencing the needs of humans with the needs of the envirorment |
| yeild | the amount of useful plant material produced per plant, or per area planted in a particular plant |
| selective breeding | a technology for producing new varieties of an organism that involves choosing parents with desired triats in order to produce offspring with these traits |
| biodiversity | the number of different species in an envirorment |
