| A | B |
|---|
| population genetics | studying evolution from a genetic point of view |
| microevolution | the change in the genetic material of a population |
| bell curve | a line graph shaped like a bell (most traits have this line graph) |
| gene pool | total genetic information available in a population |
| allele frequency | # of a particular allele (A) divided by the total alleles (A or a) in a population |
| phenotype frequency | # of particular phenotype divided by total in population |
| immigration | movement of individuals into a population |
| emigration | the movement of individuals out of a population |
| gene flow | the process of genes moving from one population to another |
| genetic drift | where allele frequencies change due to random events or chance |
| sexual selection | selection based on traits that increase an individual's chance of mating |
| stabilizing selection | individuals with the average form of a trait have the greatest fitness |
| disruptive selection | individuals with either extreme variation of a trait have the greatest fitness |
| directional selection | individuals with the more extreme form of a trait have the greatest fitness |
| speciation | the process of species formation |
| morphology | the appearance of an organism |
| geographic isolation | physical separation of members of a population |
| allopatric speciation | when species arise due to geographic isolation |
| reproductive isolation | barriers to successful breeding |
| sympatric speciation | when 2 subpopulations become reproductively isolated in the same area and new species form |
| gradualism | idea that speciation occurs at a regular, gradual rate |
| punctuated equilibrium | the idea that speciation happens in bursts of time |
