| A | B |
|---|
| Because of the close arrangement of the capillaries and alveoli, what is allowed to happen? | oxygen can diffuse from the alveoli into the blood |
| What are the two gases that are usually exchanged in the lungs? | oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| What is the entire process by which a body obtains and uses oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide and water called? | respiration |
| What part of the respiratory system helps the rib cage expand and contract which helps in the process of breathing? | diaphragm |
| Where in the respiratory system does gas exchange occur? | in the alveoli |
| Don placed his hand on top of a hot stove and very quickly moved his hand. He was able to do this before his brain received the information. What made this quick action possible? | a reflex response |
| A scientist studying the brain examines the above tissue under a microscope. Which statement best identifies a function of nerve tissue type? | It conducts information from one part of the body to another. |
| What connects your body to the central nervous system? | nerves |
| What is a change or signal in the environment that makes an organism react? | stimulus |
| What is the Central Nervous System (CNS) composed of? | brain and spinal cord |
| What is the thick column of nerve tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves in the peripheral nervous system? | spinal cord |
| Which statement best describes how the nervous system helps a person react quickly after stepping on something sharp? | Signals travel on nerves to the spinal cord, which causes a reflex that pulls the foot away. |
| Why are nerve cells essential to an animal? | They directly provide communication between cells. |
| Compare chemical digestion to mechanical digestion. | Mechanical digestion is the crushing and mashing of food while chemical digestion changes food into different molecules for absorption. |
| Describe how food moves through the digestive tract. | mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, rectum, and anus |
| The liver and pancreas are digestive helpers. Relate the function of digestive helpers to the digestive system. | Food does not pass through these organs, but they aid in digestion. |
| What function do the villi in the small intestine perform? | increase the surface area for nutrient absorption |
| What is breaking, crushing, and mashing of food called? | mechanical digestion |
| Where does most chemical digestion occur? | small intestines |
| Which organ is not functioning properly if an individual is unable to compact waste or reabsorb liquid from undigested food? | large intestine |
