| A | B |
|---|
| meiosis | Number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half by seperating homologous chromosomes. |
| variation | A difference between members of the same population. |
| genetics | Scientific study of heredity. |
| trait | Specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another. |
| purebred | Allowed to self-pollinate, produce offspring identical to themselves. |
| hybrid | The offspring of crosses between parents with different traits. |
| genes | Chemical factors that determine traits. |
| allele | The different forms of a gene. |
| dominant | Particular form of a trait that is always expressed. |
| recessive | Form of a trait only expressed when paired with the same form. |
| genotype | Genetic makeup |
| phenotype | Physical makeup |
| homozygous | Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait |
| heterozygous | Organisms that have two different alleles for the same trait |
| Punnett square | Diagram often used to determine genetic combinations that might result form a genetic cross. |
| carrier | An individual who possesses a particualr recessive trait but doesn't express it. |
| incomplete dominance | Situation where one allele is not completely dominant over another. |
| codominance | Situation where both alleles contribute to the phenotype. |
| multiple alleles | Genes that have more than two alleles |
| polygenic trait | Traits controlled by two or more genes. |
| mutation | Change in DNA sequence that affects genetic information |
| fertilization | process in sexual fertilization in which male and female reproductive cell form a new cell |
| segregation | separation of alleles during gamete formation |
