| A | B |
|---|
| Stock Market Crash | Black Tuesday - market unable to sustain activity, stock worthless |
| Protective Tariffs | like the Hawley Smoot, these strangled and controlled world trade |
| Collapse of the Banking System | the Federal Reserve was unable to prevent this, led to a lessening of the money supply |
| New Deal | FDR's plan to slowly end the depression |
| Invasion of Poland | event, led by Hitler, that started WWII in Europe |
| Battle of Britain | Hitler tried to bomb Britain into submission |
| Lend-Lease Act | allowed FDR to give England and Russia war supplies to fight the Nazis |
| Invasion of Manchuria | event, led by Japan, that began WWII in Asia |
| Pearl Harbor | surprise attack by the Japanese that brought the US into WWII |
| Stalingrad | battle that prevented Hitler from getting the Soviet oil fields |
| Normandy | Allied (England and US) invasion of France, D-Day |
| Midway | miraculous naval victory for the US; turned the tide in the Pacific for the Allies |
| Iwo Jima & Okinawa | two bloody Pacific victories in the US island-hopping campaign |
| Hiroshima and Nagasaki | Japanes cities hit by the atomic bombs at the end of WWII |
| Holocaust | Hitler's plan for the elimination of the Jewish peoples |
| Selective Service | the military draft system in the US |
| Nuremburg TRials | international court hearing for those who participated in the extermination of the Jews in the Holocaust |
| internment camps | where the US forcefully located Japanese Americans during WWII |
| Marshall Plan | US policy that gave massive financial aid to Europe after WWII |
| Eastern Europe | countries that fell to Communism after WWII, created the Soviet bloc |
| TRuman Doctrine | US policy of containment of communism |
| NATO | defensive alliance against the Soviet bloc, a.k.a Warsaw Pact |
| Arms race | contest between US and USSR of building nuclear weapons |
| Korean War | UN action in the early 1950s to try to contain communism |
| Vietnam War | US tried to stop Ho Chi Minh and the communists from taking over southeast Asia |
| Bay of Pigs | US backed attempt to overthrow Castro |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | event between US and USSR, where both threatened the use of atomic weapons and the beginning of WWIII |
| REd Scare | witch hunt for suspected US communists led by Senator Joseph McCarthy |
| Role of Gorbachev | issued "glasnost" and "perestroika"in the USSR |
| Role of Reagan | challenged the moral legitimacy of the USSR |
| collapse of the Berlin Wall | this marked the fall of communism and the last days of the cold war |
| Brown v. Board of Education | ended segregation in public education |
| Massive Resistance | the closing of public schools in Virginia and other southern states rather than face integration |
| March on Washington | showed the power of non-violent protest |
| March on Washington | "I Have a Dream..." speech |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | outlawed discrimination in any form in the US |
| Voting Rights Act of 1965 | outlawed the use of the literacy test and sent federal officials to the south to monitor elections |
| United States | democratic political institutions and free market economic system |
| Soviet Union | totalitarian government and communist (socialist) economic system |
| China & Soviet Union | post WWII, rivals for territory and diplomatic influence |
| President Richard Nixon | new US foreign policy with China |
| Korean War | US and UN troops aided the Southern forces |
| Korean War | Communist Chinese forces aided the troops of the north |
| Korean War | stalemate between the North and the South |
| Korean War | kept South Korea free from communism |
| Vietnam War | 1950s and 1960s, the North attempted to install a communist government in the South |
| Vietnam War | military build-up begins under President Kennedy with advisors |
| Vietnam War | American troops committed under President Lyndon Johnson |
| Vietnam War | battlefield victories, but could not force an end on favorable terms |
| Vietnam War | Americans at home were bitterly divided in their support |
| Vietnam War | as the war went on, opposition grew, especially on college campuses |
| Vietnam War | Nixon instuituted a policy of Vietnamization |
| Vietnamization | policy of replacing US troops and officers with South Vietnamese forces while maintaining military aid to the country |
| Vietnamization failed | when South Vietnamese forces were unable to resist Northern armies |
| President Richard Nixon | promised to bring an honorable end to the Vietnam War |
| President Richard Nixon | forced out of office by the Watergate scandal |
| Fidel Castro | led revolution in Cuba in 1950s |
| Castro revolution | many Cubans fled to US to escape communist regime of Castro |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | Soviets stationed missiles in Cuba |
| Impact of Cold War | fear of communism and threat of nuclear War |
| Impact of Cold War | school drills to train students in the event of nuclear attack |
| Impact of Cold War | Americans urged to build home bomb shelters by government |
| Alger Hiss, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg | convicted of spying for the Soviet Union |
| McCarthyism | the making of false accusations based on rumor or guilt by association |
| The Cold War | made foreign policy a major issue in every presidential election |
| Impact of Cold War | Virginia's economy and military presence grew because of fears |
| Hampton Roads, Virginia | military bases grew in number and size due to Cold War |
| Kennedy Inaugural Address | "Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country." |
| Kennedy inaugural address | US would "...pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, in order to assure the survival and success of liberty." |
| Cold War | millions of Americans served in the military defending freedom |
| Cold War | military conflicts weren't always popular |
| Cold war | ideals of democracy and freedom prevailed |
| President Kennedy | WWII veteran |
| President Kennedy | Assassinated in Dallas, TX on Novemebr 22, 1963 |
| Kennedy's assassination | began a period of strife and divisiveness |
| Vietnam veterans | unlike WWII, returned to face indifference or outright hostility from those who opposed war |
| Vietnam war | took many years for the wounds of war to heal |
| Vietnam War | took many years for recognition andd honor to come to veterans for their service and sacrifices |
