| A | B |
|---|
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid, is a very large molecule called a polymer |
| Polymer | means molecule with many units |
| nucleotides | units or monomers of DNA |
| Nucleotides 2 | made up of a 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose) a phosphate group and one of four nitrogen bases |
| A | adenine |
| G | guanine |
| C | cytosine |
| T | thymin |
| Purine Bases | Adenine and guanine and have a double ring structure |
| Pyrimidine Bases | Cytosine and thymine and have a single ring structure |
| Deoxyribose Sugar | sugar of the DNA backbone has 3 oxygen and 5 carbon atoms |
| DNA2 | composed of twisting strands of nucleotides |
| A and T | always join together and form two hydrogen bonds |
| C and G | always join together and form three hydrogen bonds |
| complementary | the two strands of DNA (AT na CG) |
| DNA Fingerprinting | a method of identification that compares fragments of DNA |
| DNA3 | the genetic material found within the cell nucleus |
| DNA fingerprint | constructed by first obtaining a DNA sample from body tissue or fluid |
| Gel electrophoresis | a method that separates macromolecules like DNA on the basis of size, electric charge, and other physical propertie |
| gel | similar to Jell-O in consistency |
| Electro | refers to the energy of electricity |
| Phoresis | from the Greek verb phoros, means "to carry across |
| Holes | created in the gel that serves as a reservoir to hold the DNA solution |
| DNA solutions | (mixtures of different sizes of DNA fragments) are loaded into a well in the gel |
| gel matrix | acts as a sieve for DNA molecules |
| Large molecules | molecules have difficulty getting through the holes in the matrix |
| Small molecules | move easily through the holes |
| DNA fingerprinting technology | has helped scientists to discover the genetic causes of many disease processes |
| DNA fingerprinting 2 | helped advance forensic science and paternity testing |
