| A | B |
|---|
| Balkans | mountains located in Southeastern Europe |
| Black Sea | area the Ottoman Empire lost to Russia |
| Mahmud II | Ottoman ruler who laid the foundation for modern Turkey |
| serfs | Russian slaves |
| Catherine the Great | Russian leader who made it legal to sell serfs separate from selling the land |
| Nicholas I | was the Russian ruler during the Decembrist Revolt |
| Decembrist Revolt | this Rebellion occurred when a few Russian officials try to establish a constitutional monarchy |
| Michael Bakunin | Father of Anarchism |
| anarchy | concept of society with no government |
| Dostoevsky | Russian author who embraced Eastern Orthodoxy and opposed anachrist |
| Alexander II | abolished serfdom in Russia and freed over 20 million peasants |
| Battle of Plassey | This Battle broke France's strength in India |
| Robert Clive | defeated Indian forces at the Battle of Plassey |
| Charter Act | gave the possessions of the East India Company to the British crown |
| sepoys | Indian soldiers |
| Sepoy Mutiny | all began due to a rumor of the cartridges for a new rifle had been greased with either pork or beef fat |
| opium | British produced this from poppy plants in India and exported it to China |
| Qing | this dynasty weakened as European nations began dominating Asia |
| Opium Wars | this war occurred when China tried to end this destructive trade, but Britain strongly objected! |
| Hong Xiuquan | "Heavenly King" |
| Jonathan Goforth | missionary to China who suffered during the Boxer Rebellion |
| Taiping Rebellion | Hong Xiuquan led this Rebellion |
| Boxer Rebellion | Many missionaries and Chinese Christians suffered during this Rebellion |
| Guangxu | initiated the Hundred Days' Reform in China |
| Hundred Days' Reform | Guangxu's attempt to implement strong political and social changes in China |
| Sino-Japanese War | War between China, Korea, Japan |
| spheres of influence | European nations sought ways to claim territory for themselves |
| Commodore Matthew Perry | pressured Japan to end its isolation and open to trade |
| Treaty of Kanagawa | this treaty opened trade between Japan and the rest of the world |
| Meiji | "enlightened rule" |
| Russo-Japanese War | Japan defeated Russia in 1905 esablishing itself as a world power |
