| A | B |
|---|
| Common law | laws based on the customs of group |
| injunction | an order issued to stop something |
| jurisdiction | power of a court to decide a case |
| jury | panel of citizens who help interpret society's customs |
| laws | enforced rules of conduct in a society |
| ordinance | legislative enactments by a city |
| positive law | law set by a sovereign or other central authority to prevent disputes and wrongs |
| procedural law | group of laws defining the methods for enforcing legal rights and decisions |
| stare decisis | doctrine requiring lower courts to adhere to existing case law in making decisions |
| statute | Group of laws that defines rights and duties |
| substantive law | Laws enacted by state or federal legislatures |
| torts | private or civil wrong for which the law grants a remedy |
| administrative agency | government body formed to carry out particular laws |
| business law | group of laws that governs business situations and transactions |
| case law | law made when appellate court endorses rule to be used in deciding court cases |
| civil law | group of laws used to provide remedy for wrongs against individuals |
| Code | Laws grouped into an organized form |
| constitutional law | law made when the fundamental, supreme law of the land is adopted, amended, or interpreted |
| crime | punishable offense against society |
| criminal law | group of laws that defines and sets punishments for offenses against society |
| Equity | basic fairness |
| 1st Amendment | religion, speech, press, assembly, petition |
| 2nd Amendment | right to bear arms |
| 3rd Amendment | Quartering of troops |
| 4th Amendment | unreasonable searches and seizures |
| 5th Amendment | grand jury, double jeopardy, self-incrimination, due process |
| 6th Amendment | right to speedy and public trial |
| 7th Amendment | right to trial by jury in civil cases |
| 8th Amendment | no excessive bail or fines, nor cruel and unusual punishment |
| 9th Amendment | certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people |
| 10th Amendment | powers not granted to the federal government nor prohibited to the States by the Constitution are reserved to the States or the people |
| criminal courts | deals with criminal matters against individuals who violate the law |
| civil courts | where non-criminal matters are primarily resolved |
| plaintiff | the party who initiates a lawsuit |
| defendant | any party that has been formally charged or accused of violating a criminal statute |
| felony | crime punishable by either a fine of more than $1,000 or one year in jail or both |
| misdemeanor | crime punishable by up to a fine of $1,000 or less or one year in jail or both |
