| A | B |
|---|
| Hypotonic | a solution with fewer solutes |
| Hypertonic | a solution with more solutes |
| Isotonic | two solutions that contain the same amount of solutes |
| Diffusion | movement from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| Facilitated diffusion | move from high concentration to low concentration using a protein carrier |
| Osmosis | the diffusion of water |
| Active transport | movement from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration |
| Aquaporin | the structure through which water can move across a cell membrane |
| Exocytosis | when something leaves the cell enclosed in a small part of what had been the cell membrane |
| Phagocytosis | cellular eating; cell brings in a solid by enclosing it in a small part of what had been cell membrane |
| Pinocytosis | cellular drinking; cell brings in a liquid enclosed in what had been a small part of the cell membrane |
| Two types of endocytosis | phagocytosis and pinocytosis |
| Type of transport through the cell membrane that requires energy from the cell | Active transport |
| Lysis | when a cell swells until it ruptures |
| Turgor | when a plant cell swells until it reaches the limit of its cell wall |
| Plasmolyze | when a cell loses water and shrivels up |
| If a cell containing 30% solutes and 70% water is placed in a beaker containing 25% solutes and 75% water, is the cell hypotonic or hypertonic compared to the solution in the beaker? | hypertonic |
| What type of molecules can move freely through a cell membrane? | non-polar molecules |
| Can oxygen move freely through a cell membrane? | yes |
| Semi-permeable membrane | allows substances through based strickly on concentration and the size of the small pores in the membrane |
| Selectively permeable membrane | can control what enters and leaves the cell by opening and closing transport channels |
