| A | B |
|---|
| 4 Functions of the Family | sexual;reproductive;educational;economic |
| The sexual function (1) | limiting sexual activity outside marriage |
| The sexual function (2) | powerful and often binding emotions unite husband and wife. |
| The economic function(1) | Creates a clear division of labour |
| The economic function(2) | provides ‘rewarding experiences’ for the spouses working together, which ‘cement their union’ |
| The Reproductive Function | creates the next generation |
| The Education Function (1) | provides a skilled workforce |
| The Education Function (2) | teaches norms and values |
| Three criticism of Murdock made by D.H.J Morgan (1976) are criticism 1: | he does not examine alternatives to the family. |
| Three criticism of Murdock made by D.H.J Morgan (1976) are criticism 2 | Murdock did not seriously consider whether its functions could be performed by other social institutions. |
| Three criticism of Murdock made by D.H.J Morgan (1976) are criticism 3 | Murdock’s description of the family is almost too good to be true. |
| Parsons's suggests two irreducible functions. Function 1 | stabilization of the adult personalities |
| Parsons's suggests two irreducible functions. Function 2 | primary socialization of children |
| The two basic processes involved in primary socialization are (process 1) | the internalization of society’s culture |
| The two basic processes involved in primary socialization are (process 2) | the structuring of the personality. |
| The 2 emphasis on the Stabilization of adult personalities are (emphasis 1) | the marriage relationship |
| The 2 emphasis on the Stabilization of adult personalities are (emphasis 2) | emotional security the couple provide for each other |
| Five criticisms may be made of Parsons theory. Criticism 1 | Parsons has been accused of idealizing the family |
| Five criticisms may be made of Parsons theory. Criticism 2 | His picture is based largely on the American middle-class family, which he treats as representative of American families in general. |
| Five criticisms may be made of Parsons theory. Criticism 3 | Parsons largely fails to explore functional alternatives to the family. He does recognize that some functions are not necessarily tied to the family. |
| Five criticisms may be made of Parsons theory. Criticism 4 | Parsons’s view of the socialization process can be criticized. He sees it as a one-way process, with the children being pumped full of culture and their personalities being moulded by powerful parents. He tends to ignore the two-way interaction process between parents and children |
| Five criticisms may be made of Parsons theory. Criticism 5 | Parsons sees the family as a distinct institution which is clearly separated from other aspects of social life. The family as such cannot therefore be seen as performing any particular functions on its own in isolation from other institutions. |
