| A | B |
|---|
| un abrazo | a hug |
| hola | hi |
| buenos días | good morning |
| buenas tardes | good afternoon |
| buenas noches | good evening |
| ¿Cómo estás? | How are you? |
| ¿Cómo está Ud.? | How are you (formal) |
| ¿Qué tal? | How's it going? |
| muy bien | very well |
| bien | fine/ok |
| más o menos | so, so |
| regular | ok (nothing special) |
| mal | lousy/awful |
| los saludos | greetings |
| las despedidas | saying good-bye |
| hasta luego | see you later |
| hasta mañana | see you tomorrow |
| buenas noches | good night |
| adiós | good-bye |
| chao | bye |
| expresiones para la clase | class expressions |
| mandatos | commands |
| abre/abran el libro/texto... | open your book/textbook to page... |
| cierra/cierren el libro/texto | close your book/textbook |
| mira/miren el ejercicio | look at the activity |
| escucha/escuchen | listen |
| escribe/escriban | write |
| lee/lean las instrucciones | read the instructions |
| saca/saquen papel/lapicero/lápiz | take out paper/pen/pencil |
| repite/repitan | repeat |
| siéntate/siéntense | sit down |
| levántate/levántense | stand-up, get up |
| pregúntale a ... | ask him/her ... |
| contéstale a ... | answer him/her... |
| repite la respuesta | repeat the answer |
| por favor | please |
| dile | tell him/her |
| ¿Cómo se dice ... en español? | How do you say... in Spanish? |
| ¿Cómo se escribe...? | how do you spell... |
| ¿Qué quiere decir...? | What does ... mean? |
| ¿en qué página? | on what page? |
| no entiendo | I don't understand |
| no comprendo | I don't understand |
| no sé | I don't know |
| más despacio | slower |
| muchas gracias | thank you very much |
| de nada | you're welcome |
| el alfabeto | the alphabet |
| ¿Cómo se deletrea? | How is it spelled? |
| el abecedario | the alphabet |
| el vocal | the vowel |
| la sílaba | the syllable |
| la penúltima sílaba | the second to the last syllable |
| ¿Cómo te llamas? | What's your name (familiar) |
| ¿Cómo se llama? | What's your/his/her name formal |
| me llamo | my name is |
| se llama | his/her/your (formal) name is |
| ¿y tú/usted? | and you? |
| ¿De dónde eres? | Where are you from? |
| ¿De dónde es usted? | Where are you from (formal)? |
| soy de... | I'm from... |
| es de ... | he/she is from... |
| ¿Cuál es la capital de...? | What's the capital of ...? |
| los Estados Unidos | Washington |
| México | México, D.F. |
| Costa Rica | San José |
| El Salvador | San Salvador |
| Guatemala | Guatemala |
| Honduras | Tegucigalpa |
| Nicaragua | Managua |
| Panamá | Panama |
| Argentina | Buenos Aires |
| Bolivia | La Paz/Sucre |
| Colombia | Bogotá |
| Chile | Santiago |
| Ecuador | Quito |
| Paraguay | Asunción |
| Perú | Lima |
| Uruguay | Montevideo |
| Venezuela | Caracas |
| Cuba | La Habana |
| Puerto Rico | San Juan |
| la República Dominicana | Santo Domingo |
| España | Madrid |
| gracias | thank you |
| de nada/ no hay de qué/por nada | you're welcome |
| perdón | pardon me, excuse me |
| con permiso | pardon me, excuse me (passing through people) |
| disculpe | pardon me, excuse me |
| a | a as in aah |
| b | be as in baby |
| c | ce as in say |
| d | de as in they |
| e | e as in egg |
| f | efe as in f aa |
| g | ge as in hay (that cows eat) |
| h | hache as in ah chay |
| i | i as in ee |
| j | jota as in hoe tuh |
| k | ca as in a bird squawking |
| l | ele as in el lay |
| ll | a yea |
| m | em me |
| n | en ne |
| ñ | en ye |
| o | o |
| p | pay |
| q | coo |
| r | e re |
| s | e say |
| t | te |
| u | ew |
| v | be |
| w | do ble be, do ble ew |
| x | e keys |
| y | i gre ay ga |
| z | say tuh |
| ch | letter that has been removed from the Spanish alphabet |
| cognates | Spanish word that is similar or identical in form and mean to its English counterpart |
| false cognate | Spanish word that looks like an English word, but with a different meaning |
| embarazada | example of false cognate; means pregnant |
| ser | infinitive verb form which means to be |
| soy | I am/ 1st person singular |
| eres | you are/are you /second person singular |
| es | he/she is... you polite are/3rd person singular |
| once | 11 |
| doce | 12 |
| trece | 13 |
| catorce | 14 |
| quince | 15 |
| dieciséis | 16 |
| diecisiete | 17 |
| dieciocho | 18 |
| diecinueve | 19 |
| veinte | 20 |
| veintiuno | 21 |
| veintiún pianos | 21 when followed by masc. word |
| veintidós | 22 |
| veintitrés | 23 |
| veinticuatro | 24 |
| veinticinco | 25 |
| veintiséis | 26 |
| veintisiete | 27 |
| veintiocho | 28 |
| veintinueve | 29 |
| treinta | 30 |
| hay | there is/there are |
| + | más |
| - | menos |
| = | son |
| me gusta | I like... followed by verb or singular noun |
| me gustan | followed by plural noun |
| ¿te gusta? | Do you like it... do you like... |
| ¿Te gustan? | Do you like them? |
| noun | a person, place or thing |
| verb | a word that describes an action or a state of being |
| adjective | word used to describe people, places or things |
| 35 million | # of Hispanics in U.S. |
| 58.5% | % of Mexicans in U.S. |
| 4.8% | % of Central American Hispanics in U.S. |
| 9.6% | % of Puerto Ricans in U.S. |
| 3.5% | % of Cubans in U.S, |
| un | indefinite article; means a/an, used with masculine, singular nouns |
| una | indefinite article; means a/an, used w. feminine, singular nouns |
| ¿Qué hora es? | What time is it? |
| Son las + hour y + minutes | It's ... hour and minutes |
| son las seis y veinte | It's 6:20 |
| son las seis con veinte minutos | It's 6:20 |
| Es la una | It's 1 o'clock |
| Es la una menos veinte | It's 20 'til 1 |
| Es la una y veinte | It's 1:20 |
| de la mañana | a.m. |
| de la tarde | p.m. (afternoon, early evening) |
| de la noche | p.m. (evening, dusk on) |
| en punto | exactly, on the dot, sharp |
| ¿a qué hora? | At what time? |
| a la una | at 1:00 |
| a las dos | at 2:00 |
| y | right hand side of clock |
| menos | left hand side of clock |
| cuarto | quarter 'til/after |
| media | half past |
| nos vemos | see you |
| cuídese | Take care |
| señor/Sr. | Mr./sir |
| señora/Sra. | Mrs./ma'am |
| señorita/Srta | miss |
| ¡OJO! | heads up! |
| infinitive | a verb form that indicates action w/o reference to subject |
| y | and |
| o | or |
| cómo | how/what |
| dónde | where |
| qué | what |
| hoy | today |
| mañana | tomorrow |
| a | to/at |
| de | of/from |
| en | in/on/at |
| pero | but |
| también | also/too |
| los gustos | likes |
| la palabra | word |
| me gusta | I like it |
| ¿te gusta? | do you like it? |
| 3.8 | % of South American Hispanics in U.S. |
| 2.8 | % of Dominicans in U.S. |
| 16.4 | % of "other" Hispanics in U.S. |
| 29 | # of letters in Spanish alphabet |
| 26 | # of letters in English alphabet |
| ch/ll/N | "extra" letters in Spanish alphabet |
| k/w | letters in Spanish alphabet that come from other languages |
| 450 million | # of Native Speakers of Spanish |
| 21 countries | # of countries that speak Spanish |
| 2nd place among spoken languages | Spanish |
| Ud. | abbreviation for usted: 'U" always capitalized |
| tú | informal you (singular) |
| usted | formal you (singular): not capitalized unless 1st word of sentence |
| mucho gusto | nice to meet you |
| igualmente | "same here" |
| encantado | delighted |
| el saludo | greeting |
| ¿Te gusta? | Do you like (it) |
| me gusta | I like (it) |
| a usted le gusta | you (formal) like (it) |
| ¿A usted le gusta? | Do you (formal) like it? |
| los gustos | likes |
| preferencias | preferences |
| el reloj | clock/watch |
| es la una en punto | it's 1:00 sharp (on the dot) |
