| A | B |
|---|
| sagittārius | archer |
| sagittāriī | archers |
| tabernāculum | a leather tent |
| funditor | a soldier furnished with a sling |
| aquila | eagle |
| aquilifer | eagle-bearer |
| legiō, legiōnis (f.) | unit of the Roman army consisting of 5,000 men |
| cohortēs | a legion had 10 of these |
| cohors, cohortis (f) | a tenth of a legion; six centuries |
| contubernium (n.) | a mess-tent housing 8 men |
| centuriō, centuriōnis (f.) | an experience veteran who commanded a century |
| centuria, -ae (f.) | there were 6 of this in each cohort |
| prīmī pīlus | the highest-ranking centurion of a legion |
| prīmī ōrdinēs | the senior centurions |
| signa mīlitāria (n. pl) | standards, insignia |
| signum (n.) | the standard of each century |
| signifer | standard-bearer |
| fossa | ditch dug around perimeter of the camp |
| aciēs, aciēi (f.) | battle line of an army; the front |
| tubae | war trumpets |
| equitēs (m. pl.) | battle cavalry, horse soldiers |
| peditēs | foot-soldiers |
| funditōrēs | slingers |
| ōrdinēs | ranks of infantry |
| galea | bronze and iron helmet |
| lōrīca | body armor |
| cornū, cornūs (n.) | the wing of an army |
| cornua (n. pl) | the wings of an army |
| castra, castrōrum (n. pl.) | a camp |
| castra pōnere | to make camp |
| ala, -ae (f.) | wing |
| alae | units of 1,000 men |
| praefectus | Roman officer in charge of provincial or allied cavalry |
| turma, -ae (f.) | the tenth part of an ala; 30 cavalry men; a squadron |
| vallum, -i (n.) | a palisade |
| pīlum | a javelin |
| gladius | a short sword |
| numerī | units of light-armed soldiers |
| scūtum (n.) | shield of wood covered with leather bound by metal |
| lēgātus | legionary commander |
| imperātor | title for generals who won major victories |
| dux, ducis | general, leader |
| tribūnī mīlitum | six staff officers of a legionary commander |
| praetōriium | the general's tent at the center of a camp |
