| A | B |
|---|
| muscle tone | the natural tension found in the fibers of a muscle |
| cartilage | a strong flexible connective tissue found in the nose and outer ear |
| ossification | the process by which bone is formed or renewed |
| ligament | a band of fibrous, slightly elastic connective tissue that attaches bone to bone |
| tendon | a fibrous cord that attaches muscle to the bone |
| flexors | the muscle that closes a joint |
| extensors | the muscle that opens a joint |
| compound fracture | the broken part of the bone sticks out through the skin |
| hairline fracture | an incomplete fracture where the bones do not separate |
| comminuted fracture | bone is shattered |
| functions of skeletal system | production of red blood cells, protection of organs, storage of minerals |
| atrophy | occurs when muscles are not used for a long time |
| carpal tunl syndrome | injury to the wrist joint due to repetitive motion |
| smooth muscle | act on the lining of passageways and internal organs. |
| skeletal muscles | attached to bone and cause body movements |
| strain | a partial tearing of a muscle |
| hernia | occurs when an organ or tissue protrudes through an area of weak muscle |
| tendonitis | the inflammation of a tendon |
| central nervous system | brain and spinal cord |
| peripheral nervous sstem | gathers info from inside and outside the body |
| neurons | nerve cells |
| flat bone | shoulder blade |
| long bone | femur, humerous |
| irregular bone | vertebrae |
| interneurons | communicate with and are found between other neurons |
| spinal cord | long column of nerve tissue protected by spinal meninges and the vertebrae |
| cerebrum | the largest part of the brain and most complex part of the brain; conscious thought, memories, learning |
| left hemisphere | center for language, reasoning and the ability to analyze and think critically about math and science |
| right hemisphere | center for porcessing music and art and comprehending spatial relationships |
| frontal lobe | controls voluntary movements, IQ, personality |
| parietal lobe | sensory info. such as heat, cold, pain, body position in space |
| occipital lobe | controls the sense of vision |
| temporal love | hearing, smell, memory, thought and judgement |
| cerebellum | the second largest part of the brain; coordinates movement of skeletal muscles. |
| brain stem | a three-inch stalk of nerve cells and fibers that connects the spinal cord to the rest of the brain |
| autonamic nervous system | controls such involuntary functions as digestion and heart rate |
| sympathetic nervous system | part of ANS, fight or flight response |
| parasympathetic nervous system | part of ANS, slows body systems causing relaxation |
| somatic nervous system | consists of sensory neurons that relay messages to the CNS and motor neurons from CNS to skeletal muscles |
| Parkinson's disease | results in the destruction of nerve cells that coordinates skeletal muscle movements |
| symptoms of Parkinson's | uncontrolled muscle tremors and muscle rigidity |
| epilepsy | a disorder of the nervous system that is characterized by recurrent seizures |
| scoliosis | curvature of the spine |
| osteoporosis | progressive loss of bone |
| bicep | front of upper arm muscle |
| tricep | back of upper arm muscle |
| quadriceps | front of upper leg, thigh muscles |
| hamstrings | back of upper leg, thigh muscles |
| pectoralis major | chest muscle |
| gluteus maximus | bum muscle |
| gastroncemius | back of lower leg muscle |
| latissimus dorsi | back muscle that makes a "V" shape |
| sternocleidomastoid | neck muscle |
| rectus abdominus | front of torso, midsection muscle |
| deltoids | shoulder muscles |
