| A | B |
|---|
| revival | a religious meeting |
| utopia | community based on a vision of the perfect society |
| temperance | drinking little to no alcohol |
| normal school | a state-supported school for training teachers |
| civil disobedience | refusing to obey laws considered unjust |
| abolitionist | person who wanted to end of slavery in the United States in the 1800s |
| suffrage | the right to vote |
| coeducation | the teaching of males and females together |
| braille | a form of written language for blind people, in which characters are represented by patterns of raised dots that are felt with the fingertips |
| compulsory education | a period of education that is required of all people and is imposed by the government |
| emancipate | to set free |
| The North Star | antislavery newspaper published by African American abolitionist Frederick Douglass |
| The Liberator | a weekly abolitionist newspaper, printed and published in Boston by William Lloyd Garrison |
| asylum | an institution offering shelter and support to people who are mentally ill |
| penitentiary | a prison for people convicted of serious crimes |
| Hudson River School | group of American landscape painters of several generations who worked between about 1825 and 1870 |
| Declaration of Rights and Sentiments | a document signed in 1848 by 68 women and 32 men—100 out of some 300 attendees at the first women's rights convention to be organized by women |
| custom | a traditional and widely accepted way of behaving or doing something that is specific to a particular society, place, or time |
| landscape painting | depiction in painting of natural scenery such as mountains, valleys, rivers, trees, and forests, especially where the main subject is a wide view |
| trader | a person who buys and sells goods |
| Underground Railroad | a network of secret routes and safe houses established in the United States during the early to mid-19th century. It was used by enslaved African Americans primarily to escape into free states and from there to Canada. |
| Uncle Tom's Cabin | An abolitionist novel, it achieved wide popularity, particularly among white readers in the North, by vividly dramatizing the experience of slavery |
| conductor | guided runaway enslaved people from place to place along the routes |
| station | a safe place where runaway slaves could hide |
| American Colonization Society | American organization dedicated to transporting freeborn blacks and emancipated slaves to Africa |
| transcendentalism | a philosophy started in the early 19th century that promotes intuitive, spiritual thinking instead of scientific thinking based on material things |
| Seneca Falls Convention | the first women's rights convention |
| Second Great Awakening | a Protestant religious revival during the late 18th to early 19th century in the United States. It spread religion through revivals and emotional preaching and sparked a number of reform movements |
