| A | B |
|---|
| loess | a loosely compacted yellowish-gray deposit of windblown sediment of which extensive deposits occur, e.g., in eastern China and the American Midwest |
| emerge | to come into being or become known |
| plain | a large area of flat land with few trees |
| fertile | producing or capable of producing abundant vegetation or crops |
| canyon | a deep gorge, typically one with a river flowing through it |
| gorge | a narrow valley between hills or mountains, typically with steep rocky walls and a stream running through it |
| paddy | a field where rice is grown |
| canal | an artificial waterway constructed to allow the passage of boats or ships inland or to convey water for irrigation |
| bay | a broad inlet of the sea where the land curves inward |
| Middle Kingdom | a name for China, from the translation of its native Chinese name, Zhongguo |
| arid | dry |
| flood | an overflowing of a large amount of water beyond its normal confines, especially over what is normally dry land |
| terrain | a stretch of land, especially with regard to its physical features |
| elevation | height above a given level, especially sea level |
| erosion | the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents |
| sea | the expanse of salt water that covers most of the earth's surface and surrounds its landmasses |
