| A | B |
| Zoroastrianism | a Persian religion based on the belief in one god |
| satrapy | a province or region governed by an official called a satrap |
| cavalry | part of an army in which the soldiers ride horses |
| philosopher | a person who searches for wisdom or enlightenment |
| emphasize | to stress |
| oration | a formal speech, especially one given on a ceremonial occasion |
| revolt | rise in rebellion |
| fleet | a group of ships sailing together, engaged in the same activity, or under the same ownership |
| alliance | a union or association formed for mutual benefit, especially between countries or organizations |
| history | the study of past events, particularly in human affairs |
| trireme | an ancient Greek or Roman war galley with three banks of oars |
| vassal | a person or country in a subordinate position to another |
| ostracize | exclude (someone) from a society or group |
| navy | the branch of a nation's armed services that conducts military operations at sea |
| strategos | military general |
| phalanx | a body of troops or police officers standing or moving in close formation |
| Royal Road | an ancient highway reorganized and rebuilt by the Persian king Darius the Great (Darius I) of the first (Achaemenid) Persian Empire |