| A | B |
|---|
| alien | a foreigner, especially one who is not a naturalized citizen of the country where they are living |
| sedition | conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against the authority of a government |
| Alien and Sedition Acts | a set of four laws enacted in 1798 that applied restrictions to immigration and speech in the United States |
| XYZ Affair | a diplomatic incident between French and United States diplomats that resulted in a limited, undeclared war known as the Quasi-War |
| Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions | political statements drafted in 1798 and 1799 in which the Kentucky and Virginia legislatures took the position that the federal Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional |
| nullify | to remove the force, effectiveness, or value of something |
| states' rights | rights and powers held by individual US states rather than by the federal government |
| unconstitutional | not allowed by the constitution of a country or government |
| Quasi-War | a limited naval war against French privateers who were seizing U.S. shipping |
| privateer | an armed ship owned and officered by private individuals holding a government commission and authorized for use in war, especially in the capture of enemy merchant shipping |
| diplomat | an official representing a country abroad |
| excise tax | a legislated tax on specific goods or services at the time they are purchased |
| White House | the official residence and workplace of the president of the United States |
| French Revolution | a period of major social and political upheaval in France that lasted from 1789-1799 |
