| A | B |
|---|
| cells | basic living thing |
| Cell Theory | 1) All organisms are made of cells 2) The cell is the basic unit of life 3) All cells come from other cells |
| compound light microscope | uses two lenses to magnify with light passing through the viewed object |
| He used a microscope to look at life in a drop of water | Anton Van Leewenhook |
| He used a microscope to view cork - named cells. | Robert Hooke |
| prokaryotes | the cells of most unicellular organisms such as bacteria do not have membrane-bound structures |
| eukaryotes | most of the multi-cellular plants and animals we know have cells containing membrane-bound structures |
| organelles | the membrane-bound structures within eukaryotic cells |
| nucleus | the central membrane-bound organelle that manages the cellular functions |
| plasma membrane | the boundary between the cell and its environment |
| homeostasis | maintaining the cell's environment |
| selective permeability | a process in which the plasma membrane of a cell allows some molecules into the cell while keeping others out |
| phospholipids | lipids with a phosphate group attached to them |
| cell wall | fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane that provides additional support and protection |
| chlorophyll | traps light energy and gives ;eaves and stems their green color |
| chromatin | location of the master set of directions making proteins which are strands of the genetic material, DNA |
| cilia | short, numerous, hairlike projections that move in a wavelike motion |
| cytoplasm | the clear, gelatinous fluid inside a cell |
| cytoskeleton | composed of a variety of tiny rods and filaments that form a framework for the cell |
| endoplasmic reticulum | the site of cellular chemical reactions |
| flagella | longer projections that move with a whiplike motion |
| Gogli apparatus | a flattened system of tubular membranes that modifies the proteins |
| lysosome | organelles that contain digestive enzymes |
| microfilament | thin, solid protein fibers |
| microtubule | thin, hollow cylinders made of protein |
| mitochondiria | membrane-bound orgnalles in plant and animal cells |
| nucleolus | an organelle within the nucleous that makes ribosomes |
| ribosomes | the sites in the cytoplasm where proteins (including enzymes) are made (protein sythesis) |
| plastids | used for storage |
| vacuoles | the name for membrane-bound spaces and are used for temporary storage |
| transport proteins | allow needed substances or waste materials to move through the plasma membrane |
| channel proteins | allow certain substances to pass through |
| marker proteins | used for cell identification and contain carbohydrates |
| receptor proteins | react with other molecules to transmit information |
| phospholipid bilayer | H2O inside and outside the cell causes the cell membrane to form |
| phospholipid | composed of a lipid (non-polar) and a phospate (polar) |
| nucleolus | organelles within the nucleous that makes RNA and ribosomes |
