| A | B |
|---|
| scientific method | intellectual investigation depending on direct observation and the testing of possible explanations |
| cultural diffusion | the spread of ideas from one region to another |
| cultural diversity | having or maintaining separate traditions, customs, and values |
| ostracize | exile, ignore, banish, alienate |
| artistocracy | government in which the upper class ruled |
| polytheism | a belief in many gods and goddesses |
| tyranny | government in which one person seizes and exercises power |
| democracy | government in which the people must have certain individual freedoms |
| acropolis | the fortified hilltop center of the city-state |
| monarchy | government headed by a king or queen |
| ephor | an overseer elected by the assembly in Sparta to direct state affairs and supervise the helots |
| humanism | belief in the capabilities of man, or in mankind's ability to achieve and progress |
| direct democracy | government in which citizens make decisions for themselves with no elected representatives |
| totalitarian | government in which the individual serves the state which controls all aspects of their lives |
| helots | Spartan slaves |
| Hellenic | period of Greek culture before Alexander's conquest |
| Hellenistic | Period of culture after Alexander's conquest blending Greek and Middle Eastern cultures |
| polis | Greek city-state, each having its own government, laws, and military. |
| Golden Age | Period in which a civilization is at its peak with cultural and scientific advancements |
| Parthenon | Temple to Athena, the patron goddess of Athens. |
