| A | B |
|---|
| Persian Wars | (499BC.) Between Greeks and Persians, Greeks were victorious |
| Delian League | formed in 478 BC. to liberate eastern Greek cities from Persian rule |
| Peloponnesian War | Sparta got financial help from Persia and won by destroying Athens fleet at Aegospotami in 405 BC. |
| Peace of Nicias | A peace treaty signed between Athens and Sparta in March 421 BC. |
| Peloponnesian League | League gave it protection from uprisings within its own borders |
| Pericles | Greek statesman, orator, and general during the Golden Age of Athens. |
| Alcibiades | Athenian statesman and general whose shifted sides during Peloponnesian War |
| Darius I | fought in the Battle at Marathon; led military campaigns in Europe, Greece, and even in the Indus valley |
| Marathon | Battle on the plain of Marathon in September 490 BC. between Greeks and Persian King Darius' forces |
| Xerxes | ruled 486-465 BC. known as Xerxes the Great, was the king of the Persian Achaemenid Empire. Involved in naval Battle of Salamis |
| Leonidas | Spartan king who led a small band of Greek allies at the Battle of Thermopylae in 480 BC |
| Thermopylae | a mountain pass near the sea in northern Greece, which held the Battle of Thermopylae |
| Salamis | September 480 BC., the Battle of Salamis in the Saronic Gulf, a naval battle |
| Artemesium | Greek fleet fought against the Persians for three days but left after hearing of the defeat at Thermopylae. |
| Platea | 479 BC.- For Greeks to survive as independent city-states they'd have to win a land battle |
| Themistocles | Athenian statesman and general, his emphasis on naval power and military skills were needed during the Persian wars |
| Miltiades | Athenian general, defeated the Persians at the Battle of Marathon |
| Philip (II) of Macedon | used bribery, warfare, and threats to secure his kingdom, involved in the Battle of Chaeronea |
| Chaeronea | 338 BC.outside the town of Chaeronea, Battle of Chaeronea, between Greece and Athens |
| Alexander the Great | son of King Philip II of Macedon |
| Issus | Alexander the Great's second battle against Persia and first direct meeting with Darius III. |
| Darius III | Codommanus, the last king of the Achaemenid dynasty, involved in the Battle of Gaugamela |
| Gaugamela | final meeting between Alexander the Great of Macedon and King Darius III of Persia. |
| Plato | known for his Dialogues and for founding his Academy north of Athens |
| Aeschylus | father of tragedy, estimated seventy to ninety tragedies |
| Sophocles | famous and celebrated writer of tragedy plays in ancient Greece, HIs works include ¨Oedipus the King¨, ¨Antigone¨, and ¨Women of Trachis¨. |
| Euripides | clever dialogues, fine choral lyrics and a gritty realism in his tragidies |
| Herodotus | invented the field history |
| Thucydides | an Athenian general,wrote the contemporary History of the Peloponnesian War |
| Socrates | considered the father of western philosophy. Plato was his most famous student and taught Aristotle and Alexander the Great. |
| Aristotle | Greek philosopher who pioneered systematic, scientific examination |
| Aegispotomai | naval victory of Sparta over Athens, final battle of the Peloponnesian War. |
