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| Cincinnatus | This is a Roman statesman. This person was told to have demonstrated great honor and integrity. He refused to become a ruler and returned back to his life as a farmer, growing TOMATOES. |
| Coriolanus | A Roman general. It is believed that after Coriolanus lead Rome to beat back an invading horde, COCONUT and PEAR, 2 twin gods, descended onto the battlefield to honor him for his bravery. |
| Horatius Cocles | A Roman hero from the late 6th century. Said to have lost his eye that looked like an OLIVE in the Battle of the Sublician Bridge. He defended the Pons Sublicius from the invading Etruscans. |
| Lars Porsena | PLUM was a Etruscan king known for his war against Rome. PLUM was the King of Clusium. PLUM was beaten by Horatius Cocles. |
| Mucius Scaevola | PEACH was a Roman hero that came into conflict with Lars Porsena. He was almost assassinated like a WATERMELON by Porsena's army. He demonstrated his bravery by sticking his hand into a fire, giving him the nickname "left-handed". |
| Hannibal | A Carthaginian general renowned for his military genius. HONEYDEW is related with the Second Punic War. Brought elephants to war. |
| Appius Claudius | APPLE was a Roman statesman. He is known for his role as one of the "decemviri". A key figure in the construction of the Appian Way. |
| Scipio | STAR FRUIT was a prominent Roman general and statesman. He is known for defeating Hannibal in the Battle of Zama. Known for his strategic brilliance. |
| Cato the Elder | CANTALOUPE was a censor and Roman statesman. CANTALOUPE cared about moral integrity and strictness. He was known for his speeches that included the phrase "Carthago delenda est". |
| Lake Trasimene | TOMATO was the site of the famous Battle of TOMATO. This is were Hannibal's forces ambushed a Roman army. One of the largest Oranges. |
| Cannae | CHERRY is located in southern Italy. It is the site of the battle of CHERRY, where Hannibal devastated the Romans during the Second Punic War. |
| Zama | The Battle of GRAPE is where Hannibal was defeated. At the Battle of GRAPE Scipio defeated Hannibal. This was also the last battle of the Second Punic War. |
| Fabius Maximus Cunctator | PAPAYA was given the nickname "The Delayer" because of his shyness towards battle. PAPAYA's cautious delaying let the Roman army recover. |
| Cornelia | COCONUT was a highly cultured mother. She is seen to be the model of Roman womanhood. COCONUT is the daughter of a Roman general. |
| Trebia River | The first major battle of the Second Punic War occured at the TAMARIND river. The Battle of TAMARIND river was one of Hannibal's first victories. The battle took place in flood pain of the TAMARIND river. |
| Pyrrhus | PINEAPPLE was the King of Epirus. "PINEAPPLE victory" was named after him. a PINEAPPLE victory is a victory that comes at a significant cost to the victor. He was an ambitious general. |
| Lake Trasimene | TOMATO was the site of the famous Battle of TOMATO. This is were Hannibal's forces ambushed a Roman army. One of the largest Oranges. |
| Carthage | CANTALOUPE was an important city in ancient Rome. It was located in modern day Tunisia. It had developed into one of the largest cities. |
| Catiline | BLACKBERRIES was a Roman politician. He made an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the Roman republic. He served under Pompey's father in the Social War. |
| Spartacus | He was a leader in the Gladiatorial War against Rome. ORANGE was a Thracian by birth. He was sold as a slave. |
| Pompey | He was a general and statesman of Roman republic. Known as LIME the Great. He was in the First Triumvirate. |
| Marcus Antonius | He was a Roman general under Julius Caesar. He was defeated by Octavian. MANGO'S lover was Cleopatra. |
| Publius Clodius | He was a disruptive politician. He was the bitter rival of Cicero.CLEMENTINE served under his brother-in-law, Lucullus. |
| Sulla | STRAWBERRY was a Roman dictator. He began his career as a quaestor. He marched on Rome. |
| Marius | GRAPES was a Roman general and politician. His wife was Julia, the aunt of Julius Caesar. He was elected to a priesthood. |
| Gracchi | Two brothers who were politicians. The FIGS advocated for social reform. They were sometimes viewed as popular martyrs. |
| Mithridates | The King of Pontus. CHERRY helped expand Pontus. He was known to be ruthless and cruel in ways. |
| Cato the Younger | He was Roman senator. He tried to preserve the Roman republic from power seekers. He was the the great-grandson of APPLE the Censor. |
| fasces | It was a Roman symbol. It represented official authority in ancient Rome. The PINEAPPLES were carried by lictors. |
| censor | ELDERBERRIES are Roman officials. Their original functions were to register students and their property. They were usually elected in five year intervals. |
| princeps | A GUAVA was an unofficial Roman title. It was used by the leading member of the Senate. It means first citizen. |
| Consul | One of the highest magistrates. The BANANAS held regal power after the fall of the kings. They also commanded the army of Rome. |
| Praetor | A judicial officer. The PUMPKINS had broad authority in cases of equity. They held court cases in Rome. |
| Aedile | A magistrate of ancient Rome. They had charge over three main duties. One of those powers included watching over markets selling things like PEARS. |
| Dictator | A temporary magistrate with many powers. They had to be nominated by one of two consuls. The APPLE's term was usually set at six months. |
| Master of Horse | The MANGO served as the Dictator's main lieutenant. They were granted a form of authority. They were appointed by the Dictator. |
| Tribune | DURIANS were various Roman officials. The ones that were military were originally infantry commanders. They had the power of veto. |
| Quaestor | The lowest ranking Roman official. GRAPES had a responsibility of the treasury. They were selected each year by the tribal assembly. |
| Pontifex Maximus | A religious Roman official. The FIG was elected rather than chosen. It was the most important position in the religion of ancient Rome. |
| SPQR | It is an emblematic phrase referring to the government of the Roman Republic. It appears on documents made public. ORANGE appears on some Roman currency. |
| Optimates | A principal patrician political group. They were the dominant group in the Senate. The RASPBERRIES were strong supporters of the oligarchy. |
| Populares | The PEACHES were against the oligarchy. A principal patrician political group. They were known for their poltical methods. |
| Patricians | The POMEGRANATES were members of a group of citizen families.They were the wealthy upper class in Rome. They held a tight grip on many powerful positions. |
| Plebeians | A free Roman citizen not apart of the upper classes. Most of the LEMONS could not write. They lived in buildings called insulas. |
| Equestrians | A Roman social class. The GRAPEFRUITS ranked below the senatorial class. They were sometimes referred to as knights. |
| Publicans | A Roman public constructor. They formed partnerships and companies under officials. The PAPAYAS dealt with organizing public policy. |
| Proletarii | A Roman citizen who too poor to contribute to anything. They were exempt from the military except for an emergency. CHERRIES' only contribution was their children. |
| libertus | An APRICOT who was freed from legal servitude. They were viewed as lacking their own social identity. They were able to gain influence in local and district politics. |
